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We will discuss these on the first pair of B/C days, so for most of you that will be Tuesday. Please print these off and bring them with you to class that day.

These questions are over chapters 1-4. First attempt to see how many of the answers you know without looking them up. Make a mark next to those you felt confident about. After we go over these in class, you will know areas you need to concentrate upon when studying.

1. Which tribe was a member of the Iroquois Confederacy?
A. Aztecs
B. Mohawks
C. Anasazi
D. Incas
E. Mayas

2. The immediate issue in dispute in Bacon’s Rebellion was
A. the jailing of individuals or seizure of their property for failure to pay taxes during an economic downturn
B. the under-representation of the backcountry settlers in Virginia’s legislature
C. the refusal of large planters to honor the terms of their contracts with former indentured servants
D. the perceived failure of Virginia’s governor to protect the colony’s frontier area from attacks by Indians
E. Governor Berkeley’s manipulation of tobacco prices for the benefit of himself and a small clique of friends

3. Which of the following best describes the view of Native Americans regarding property?
A. A portion of lands should remain untouched for the use of future generations
B. Land should be handed down from father to eldest sons (primogeniture)
C. The tribe owned the land in common with each other, while individuals were allowed to use the land but not sell it
D. The crops grown by one were considered the property of all
E. A tribal member could only transfer land within his own clan or family

4. Why is L’Anse aux Meadows significant in the history of North America?
A. It marks the first example of pre-Columbian European settlement and contact with indigenous people on this continent
B. It is the location of the first known cultivation of maize in North America outside of Mexico
C. It is an example of a highly developed Native nation-state in North America
D. It contains the oldest fossil record of Native American inhabitants on the North American continent
E. It was a rare example of a settled Native American community which had forsaken nomadism

5. In 1494, Pope Alexander’s Treaty of Tordesillas established the line of demarcation granting
A. all of the land north of the meridian not already claimed by Christian nations to the Spanish, and all of the land south of the meridian not already claimed by Christian nations to the Portugese
B. all of the land east of the meridian not already claimed by Christian nations to the Spanish
C. Portugal the right to establish a colonial empire in South America
D. all of the land west of the meridian not already claimed by Christian nations to the Spanish, and all of the land east of the meridian not already claimed by Christian nations to the Portugese
E. a partition between Spanish, Portuguese and French lands in the Americas

6. The Columbian Exchange would best be described as
A. the trade network established between the Eastern Hemisphere and the Americas
B. the new agricultural goods brought to the Eastern Hemisphere and the Americas
C. the arrival of European agricultural goods and livestock in the Americas
D. the introduction of European diseases that decimated indigenous populations in the Americas
E. the exchange of biological, ecological and other commodities exchanged among the Eastern Hemisphere and the Americas

7. What role did the Catholic Church play in Spain’s rule of its colonial possessions in North America?
A. The pope directly rules the colonies through the Spanish, requiring papal approval for all policies in the colonies
B. The Spanish monarchy ordered priests, including many of the Franciscan order, to convert the indigenous people to Catholicism, which also sustained the policy of encomienda
C. The papacy provided the majority of the funding for Spanish exploration, and therefore retained most of the riches gained from the North American possessions, which were then used to counter the Protestant Reformation
D. Responsibilities to the Catholic Church dominated expansion policies into the northern territories over economic concerns
E. The Spanish missions reported to the Pope rather than the Spanish monarchy

8. Puritan (Calvinist) doctrine included the acceptance of
A. the idea of a covenant with God.
B. the pope’s supremacy.
C. antinomianism.
D. the doctrine of good works.
E. the King as final religious authority.

9. The original purpose of the headright system was to
A. establish a basic system of laws within the Piedmont region of Virginia.
B. ensure separation between slaves and indentured servants to prevent uprisings by resentful laborers.
C. open up more land for rice and corn cultivation to be used to feed the slave population, thus encouraging its expansion.
D. keep non-Protestants from taking part in colonial government.
E. ensure a steady source of labor for the Virginia Colony by giving a grant of land for each indentured servant brought to America.

10. The financial means for England’s first permanent colonization in America were provided by
A. Queen Elizabeth I.
B. an expanding wool trade.
C. a joint-stock company.
D. the law of primogeniture.
E. a royal proprietor.

11. Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia were all similar in that they were all
A. proprietary colonies.
B. economically dependent upon the export of a staple crop.
C. able to live in peace with the Native Americans.
D. founded as refuges for persecuted sects in England.
E. founded after the restoration of Charles II to the throne.

12. The colony of South Carolina in the 17th and early 18th centuries prospered
A. because of its thriving shipbuilding industry.
B. only after Georgia was established.
C. as a result of the importation of Indian slaves.
D. by developing close economic ties with the British West Indies.
E. under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell.

13. The document known as “A Model of Christian Charity,” by John Winthrop, promotes the idea that the Puritans
A. should care more about riches than about God, because laziness was a sign of a lack of religious piety.
B. should be careful not to do anything that would promote witchcraft.
C. believed they were setting an example for the world in creating the perfect society.
D. should only live in cities on hills.
E. should expel anyone who failed to live up to Puritan standards since that would make the rest of the world doubt Puritan intentions.

14. As the founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams
A. established religious freedom for all but Jews and Catholics.
B. advocated harsh treatment for the native tribes in the area since they were pagan.
C. returned to allegiance to the Anglican Church.
D. fined and stockaded those who did not attend weekly worship services.
E. established complete religious freedom for all, known as “liberty of conscience.”

15. Identify the statement that is FALSE.
A. The Indian presence frustrated the colonists, who desperately wanted Indian land.
B. The Powhatans, despite their apparent unity, lacked the ability to make an effective opposition to the well-organized Europeans.
C. The Powhatans were extremely resistant to European-borne diseases, unlike other Indian groups.
D. Once the English began growing their own food crops, the Powhatans no longer had any valuable trade goods to offer the colonists.
E. The Powhatans served no economic function for the Virginia colonists.

16. George Calvert, also known as Lord Baltimore, was given a grant of land in the Chesapeake region
A. as a haven for persecuted English Catholics.
B. as an opportunity to invest in that colony’s maritime industry.
C. after failing to colonize the Carolinas.
D. for Quakers who had been evicted from Pennsylvania.
E. in order to prevent France from seizing that territory.

17. Under 16th and 17th century law, which of the following was not considered to be chattel property?
A. animals
B. indentured servants
C. slaves
D. children
E. wives

18. What was the major purpose of the Toleration Act of 1649?
A. It extended voting rights to non-Protestants in New England.
B. It was an attempt to maintain order in Boston after the passage of the Coercive Acts.
C. It was hoped to be useful in suppressing rebellions such as the one led by Nathaniel Bacon.
D. It protected Catholic rights in Maryland from the influx of Protestant colonists.
E. It improved the condition of indentured servants in the middle colonies.

19. James I of England strongly disliked the concept of Virginia’s House of Burgesses because
A. it was disrupted by political wrangling and did not accomplish its main duties.
B. it refused to send taxes to the British government.
C. he believed it sought to undermine his position as head of the church.
D. he believed that the idea of self-government was treasonous.
E. all of the above.

20.The New England Confederation
A. included all the New England colonies.
B. was an invitation-only association of Puritan colonies designed to improve colonial defense after the Pequot War.
C. made the New Englanders feel that their natural rights and “rights as Englishmen” were being stripped from them and led the American colonies to begin to seek independence from England.
D. was created by the English government to streamline its administration of the colonies and enforcement of the Navigation Laws.
E. was an economic and trade alliance meant to enable smuggling. during the era of salutary neglect.